Given the proven efficacy of Halamid® against Flavo and other gill bacteria, Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD) and other parasites, Infectious Salmon Anaemia (ISA), and Fungal diseases such as Seprolegnia, it is no surprise that there has been recurring interest in using Halamid® to treat seawater pathogens as well.
Halamid® has been used to treat wellboat water and disinfect wellboats, nets and cages.
On several occasions salmon producers have applied for and received discharge permits to use to tackle difficult outbreaks in open lake cages as well.
It has been demonstrated that AGD density on salmonid in seawater can be markedly decreased using Halamid®, which can offer a more practical solution than freshwater bathing for example.
Halamid® activity is marginally higher in seawater than in freshwater, which (like all oxidative biocides) raises the possibility of higher toxicity to target species as well.
However, results from further careful studies show that exposure to the recommended dosage of 10 ppm in seawater for one hour is safe for Atlantic salmon smolts.
As the summer months draw on and sea temperatures become warmer the scourge of AGD is likely to affect more sites, so more aquaculture producers and well-boat operators will be rediscovering Halamid® this season.
Further studies are also ongoing in Indonesia to optimise safe and effective treatment rates for tropical seawater species grouper, silver pompano and sea bass at different life stages.
Further information and guidelines for use can be obtained from local Halamid distributors or www.axcentive.com.
