Aquaculture for all

Biomins Mycotoxin Survey 2nd Quarter Report 2011

Nutrition Health Sustainability +2 more

Mycotoxin analysis results for the second quarter of 2011 from Biomin, including more than 2,800 analyses of more than 800 animal feed ingredients. At least one mycotoxin was found in 90 per cent of the samples.

This data will enable the assessment of the risk level incurred by the use of commodities from certain regions. In the period between April and June 2011, a total of 804 samples were analysed and 2,867 analyses were carried out for the most important mycotoxins in terms of agriculture and animal production aflatoxins (Afla), zearalenone (ZON), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins (FUM) and ochratoxin A (OTA). Samples were originated from different regions: America (North, Central and South), Asia (South-East, South and North), Oceania and Europe (Northern, Central and Southern) and Middle East and Africa.

Samples tested were diverse, ranging from cereals such as corn, wheat, barley and rice to processing by-products, namely soybean meal, corn gluten meal, dried distillers grains with soluble (DDGS) and fodder such as straw, silage and finished feed. This is the second of four reports to be released this year.


Figure 1. Prevalence of mycotoxins in different geographic regions

As can be observed in Figure 2, from the 804 survey samples analysed 31 per cent, 48 per cent, 62 per cent, 63 per cent and 32 per cent tested positive for contamination with Afla, ZON, DON, FUM and OTA, respectively.


Figure 2. Global occurrence of mycotoxins between April and June 2011 in the analysed samples



Figure 3. Global co-occurrence of mycotoxins

From Figure 3, it is obvious that mycotoxins are an ubiquitous problem as 89 per cent of the analysed samples show the presence of, at least, one mycotoxin. The presence of more than one mycotoxin in 53 per cent of the samples raises the attention to the problem of synergistic effects caused by multiple mycotoxins in animal feeds.

Tables 1 to 5 present an overview of the survey with details on analysed samples. The numbers of samples tested, percentage of positive samples, average of positive, 75th percentile and maximum levels found are shown. Twenty-five per cent of the tested samples fall at levels equal to or above those represented by the 75th percentile figure.

Tables 1-5. Mycotoxin analysis results by different regions
ASIA Afla ZON DON FUM OTA
Numbers of samples tested 375 397 399 353 361
Positive (%) 37 47 62 49 30
Average of positive (μg/kg) 63 310 1,174 1,993 7
Maximum (μg/kg) 1,015 11,276 49,307 77,502 59
75th percentile (μg/kg) 63.0 318.5 1,098.0 1,716.5 6.2


EUROPE Afla ZON DON FUM OTA
Number of samples tested 21 151 178 29 39
Positive (%) 62 61 76 52 54
Average of positive (μg/kg) 6 139 1,136 1,428 8
Maximum (μg/kg) 44 1,014 8,974 5,088 46
75th percentile (μg/kg) 3.5 156.5 1,417.0 2,923.0 11.6


AMERICA Afla ZON DON FUM OTA
Numbers of samples tested 195 56 55 197 28
Positive (%) 18 30 20 91 14
Average of positive (μg/kg) 15 63 253 2,518 1
Maximum (μg/kg) 213 287 619 34,470 2
75th percentile (μg/kg) 7.0 65.1 357.5 2,661.0 1.1


MIDDLE EAST Afla ZON DON FUM OTA
Numbers of samples tested 7 7 7 n.a. 7
Positive (%) 29 0 0 n.a. 71
Average of positive (μg/kg) 1 - - n.a. 69
Maximum (μg/kg) 1 - - n.a. 69
75th percentile (μg/kg) 1.1 - - n.a. 25.0
n.a. = not analysed


AFRICA Afla ZON DON FUM OTA
Numbers of samples tested 1 1 1 1 1
Positive (%) 0 0 100 100 0
Average of positive (μg/kg) - - 1,098 961 -
Maximum (μg/kg) - - 1,098 961 -
75th percentile (μg/kg) - - 1,098.0 961.0 -

August 2011
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