© University of Aberdeen
Marine shellfish like oysters carry out a vital role in marine ecosystems however the Uk’s native oyster species has suffered a drastic decline in recent years. Scientists from the University of Aberdeen and NativeAqua, a native oyster farm, have been awarded £14,300 to investigate how to improve the resilience of the native oyster, in a bid to boost the numbers of the species.
Researchers will use novel data-driven genetic approaches to inform a new breeding programme. By analysing the genetic fingerprint of each species in a breeding programme they can then optimise which oysters to breed together for the strongest offspring. This approach is common in all agriculture farmed species, but has so far not been used to help the native oyster.
“Marine shellfish, like oysters and mussels, are small underwater miracles. These animals carry out a vital role in marine ecosystems as they filter the seawater and extract nutrients for food in a process called filter feeding. Not just absorbing nutrients from the water and helping to tackle harmful nutrient run-off from human land use, they also form complex three-dimensional reef habitats that other species live in and so boosting biodiversity,” said Dr Victoria Sleight, project lead from the University of Aberdeen, in a press release.
In the project, the team will take a data-driven approach to boost the resilience of the native oyster, a species that has suffered a drastic decline due to overfishing and climate change. By strengthening the genetic health of farmed populations, the researchers hope to support both conservation and aquaculture. According to Sleight, each healthy oyster on a farm can release between one and two million larvae into the ocean, so improving the resilience of these farmed stocks has the potential to restore wild populations while also enhancing the sustainability of the shellfish industry.
Dr Tom Ashton, co-founder of Native Aqua said: “Native oysters are a notoriously difficult species to farm, they have poor robustness and slow growth. We aim to use scientific collaboration to develop a strong bloodline that performs well on commercial farms. The wonderful thing about Native oysters is that they spawn naturally whilst being grown for the table market, so aquaculture operations improve wild stocks. Our collaboration with Aberdeen will advance the development of quality farmed oysters and will leave a permanent positive legacy on the UK’s marine ecosystem.”
This is the first time that modern genetic analysis and selection techniques have been used to study this critical native species. Funding for the one year project has been awarded from Scottish Universities Life Sciences Alliance and The Data Lab.
