© Prinsus
Funded by the European Union’s Horizon Europe Programme through the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant, the VALIAS project seeks to transform IAS, including seaweeds like Sargassum muticum and fish species like the bluespotted cornetfish (Fistularia commersonii), into innovative ingredients for aquafeed.
The challenge: IAS in European waters
Marine IAS, introduced via global shipping, aquaculture and climate change, are disrupting ecosystems across Europe. For example, Asparagopsis armata, a red seaweed from Australia and Sargassum muticum, a brown seaweed native to Asia, have spread along Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts, outcompeting native species. Invasive fish like the bluespotted cornetfish and the silver-cheeked toadfish (Lagocephalus sceleratus) further threaten marine biodiversity and fisheries.
Despite their ecological harm, these species are rich in nutrients, making them promising candidates for aquafeed production.
Why IAS are suitable aquafeed ingredients
Seaweeds like Asparagopsis armata and Sargassum muticum are rich in protein, lipids and bioactive compounds such as omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, sterols, carotenoids, and phlorotannins, which are beneficial for fish health and growth. Notably, Asparagopsis armata also has methane-reducing properties which could also benefit livestock feed. Additionally, replacing fishmeal and fish oils , with IAS-derived ingredients in aquafeeds reduces pressure on wild fish stocks, aligning with the industry’s sustainability goals.
Initial trials with IAS-based feeds have shown promising results, with the feeds supporting fish growth and immune responses whilst reducing environmental impact by lowering nutrient discharge. Importantly, they can replace a significant proportion of traditional feed ingredients without compromising fish quality or performance.
Harvesting, processing, and economic viability
Sustainable harvesting of IAS from the wild is crucial to avoid overexploitation. The processing, which involves drying, grinding and extracting valuable compounds is energy-intensive but essential for high-quality feed. Although initial costs are higher, growing demand for sustainable feed solutions, along with potential subsidies for invasive species removal, could make IAS-based aquafeeds competitive.
Aquafeed producers and fish farmers are increasingly interested in IAS-based feeds. Pilot-scale trials, conducted in collaboration with feed manufacturers, have provided valuable data on feed formulation and performance. However, industry stakeholders stress the importance of consistent raw material quality, clear regulations, and scalable production methods.
Challenges and future directions
Key challenges include establishing regulatory frameworks, ensuring reliable IAS supply chains and demonstrating cost-effectiveness. Overcoming these hurdles will require collaboration between policymakers, researchers and industry leaders. The VALIAS project aims to expand IAS harvesting, optimise processing technologies and conduct broader feed trials. By transforming an ecological issue into an economic asset, the project is paving the way for sustainable aquaculture.
The VALIAS initiative showcases how biodiversity conservation can be integrated with industrial innovation. By valorising IAS, the project not only mitigates environmental harm but also supports the aquaculture industry's transition to sustainable practices. This approach represents a significant step towards healthier oceans and resilient food systems.
