According to Russia's TASS news agency, Mr Putin signed the decree last week, extending the ban until the end of 2015.
The ban covers a number of products including beef, pork, fruits and vegetables, meat, poultry, fish, cheese, milk, and most types of dairy products from the United States, European Union, Canada, Australia and Norway.
Previous reports suggested that a number of meat and vegetables intended for use in baby foods are exempt from the new decree.